Age Rating
4+
Apps in this category do not contain restricted content.
9+
Apps in this category may contain mild or occasional cartoon, fantasy or real-life violence, as well as occasional or mild adult, sexually suggestive or horrifying content and may not be suitable for children under 9 years of age.
12+
Apps in this category may contain occasional mild indecent language, frequent or intense cartoon or real-life violence, minor or occasional adult or sexually suggestive material, and simulated gambling, and may be for children under 12 years of age.
17+
You must be at least 17 years old to access this App.
Apps in this category may contain frequent and intense offensive language; Frequent and intense cartoon, fantasy or realistic violence: frequent and intense adult, scary and sexually suggestive subjects: as well as sexual content, nudity, tobacco, alcohol and drugs, may not be suitable for children under 17 years of age.

About VentRef

VentRef is a focused clinical reference for clinicians managing invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, grounded in core respiratory physiology and evidence-based critical care practice.

This application is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Calculations and reference values are derived from published peer-reviewed medical literature and textbooks cited in the Sources section of the app. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions regarding medical conditions or clinical decisions, and do not disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of information provided by this app.

About Rishi Kumar, MD, FACC ("RK.MD")
I'm an adult cardiothoracic anesthesiologist and cardiovascular ICU intensivist practicing in academic medicine. I'm passionate about teaching with free, open-access medical education. Learn more on my site: https://rk.md
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What's New in the Latest Version 1.5

Last updated on May 18, 2026
Old Versions
Added: New sections for invasive ventilation, artificial airways, and airway adjuncts
Added: Tracheostomy Tube, Laryngectomy Tube, Speaking Valve, Heat Moisture Exchanger (HME), Trach Collar, Laryngectomy Stoma Care, Endotracheal Tube (ETT), Tracheal Cuff Management, Ventilator Circuit Basics, Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA), Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA), Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM)
Updated: Significant backend codebase changes for efficiency
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Version History
1.5
May 18, 2026
Added: New sections for invasive ventilation, artificial airways, and airway adjuncts
Added: Tracheostomy Tube, Laryngectomy Tube, Speaking Valve, Heat Moisture Exchanger (HME), Trach Collar, Laryngectomy Stoma Care, Endotracheal Tube (ETT), Tracheal Cuff Management, Ventilator Circuit Basics, Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA), Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA), Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM)
Updated: Significant backend codebase changes for efficiency

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