8.3
390 Ratings
Threema GmbH
Developer
77.6MB
Size
2024年04月24日
Update Date
#1
in Social Networking
4+
Age Rating
Age Rating
Threema。安全なメッセンジャー スクリーンショット
About Threema。安全なメッセンジャー
Threemaは、世界で最も売れている安全なメッセンジャーで、データがハッカーや企業、政府の手に渡るのを防ぎます。最先端のインスタントメッセンジャーに求められるあらゆる機能を備えています。このアプリでは、エンドツーエンドの暗号化された音声通話、ビデオ通話、グループ通話もできます。デスクトップアプリとウェブクライアントを使えば、デスクトップからThreemaを使うこともできます。
プライバシーと匿名性
Threemaは、サーバー上にできるだけデータが残らないように、ゼロから設計されています。グループのメンバーや連絡先リストはデバイス上でのみ管理され、サーバーには一切保存されません。メッセージは、配信後すぐに削除されます。ローカルファイルは、スマートフォンやタブレットに暗号化して保存されます。これらすべてが、メタデータを含む個人情報の収集と悪用を効果的に防止します。Threemaは、欧州の個人情報保護法(GDPR)に完全に準拠しています。
強固な暗号化
Threemaは、メッセージ、音声通話、ビデオ通話、グループチャット、ファイル、ステータスメッセージなど、すべての通信をエンドツーエンドで暗号化します。意図した相手だけと通信し、他の誰もメッセージを読むことができません。Threemaは、信頼できるオープンソースのNaCl暗号ライブラリを使用して暗号化します。暗号化キーは、バックドアアクセスやコピーを防ぐため、ユーザーのデバイスで生成され、安全に保存されます。
包括的な機能
Threemaは、単なるプライバシーを守る暗号化メッセンジャーではなく、以下のような豊富な機能を備えています。
• テキストメッセージや音声メッセージの送信
• 音声通話、ビデオ通話、グループ通話
• ビデオ、写真、位置情報の共有
• あらゆる種類のファイル送信(PDF、アニメーションGIF、mp3、doc、zipなど)
• デスクトップアプリやウェブクライアントを使って、パソコンからチャット可能
• グループの作成
• 投票機能を使ったアンケート調査
• ダークテーマとライトテーマの選択
• 独自の「賛成/反対」機能を使った、迅速かつ静かな返信
• 相手のQRコードスキャンによる本人確認
• 匿名のインスタントメッセージツールとしての使用
• 連絡先の同期(オプション)
スイス所在のサーバー
サーバーはすべてスイスにあり、ソフトウェアは自社で開発しています。
完全な匿名性
Threemaのユーザーは、本人確認用にランダムなThreema IDを受け取ります。Threemaの使用に電話番号やメールアドレスは必要ありません。この独自の機能により、Threemaを完全に匿名で利用することができます。個人情報を提供したり、アカウントを開設したりする必要はありません。
オープンソースと監査
Threemaアプリのソースコードは、誰でも閲覧できるように公開されています。さらに、定評のある専門家に依頼し、Threemaのコードの体系的なセキュリティ監査を定期的に実施しています。
広告なし、トラッカーなし
Threemaは、広告による資金調達は行っておらず、ユーザーデータも収集していません。
サポート/コンタクト
ご質問や問題点についてはFAQをご覧ください:https://threema.ch/en/faq
プライバシーと匿名性
Threemaは、サーバー上にできるだけデータが残らないように、ゼロから設計されています。グループのメンバーや連絡先リストはデバイス上でのみ管理され、サーバーには一切保存されません。メッセージは、配信後すぐに削除されます。ローカルファイルは、スマートフォンやタブレットに暗号化して保存されます。これらすべてが、メタデータを含む個人情報の収集と悪用を効果的に防止します。Threemaは、欧州の個人情報保護法(GDPR)に完全に準拠しています。
強固な暗号化
Threemaは、メッセージ、音声通話、ビデオ通話、グループチャット、ファイル、ステータスメッセージなど、すべての通信をエンドツーエンドで暗号化します。意図した相手だけと通信し、他の誰もメッセージを読むことができません。Threemaは、信頼できるオープンソースのNaCl暗号ライブラリを使用して暗号化します。暗号化キーは、バックドアアクセスやコピーを防ぐため、ユーザーのデバイスで生成され、安全に保存されます。
包括的な機能
Threemaは、単なるプライバシーを守る暗号化メッセンジャーではなく、以下のような豊富な機能を備えています。
• テキストメッセージや音声メッセージの送信
• 音声通話、ビデオ通話、グループ通話
• ビデオ、写真、位置情報の共有
• あらゆる種類のファイル送信(PDF、アニメーションGIF、mp3、doc、zipなど)
• デスクトップアプリやウェブクライアントを使って、パソコンからチャット可能
• グループの作成
• 投票機能を使ったアンケート調査
• ダークテーマとライトテーマの選択
• 独自の「賛成/反対」機能を使った、迅速かつ静かな返信
• 相手のQRコードスキャンによる本人確認
• 匿名のインスタントメッセージツールとしての使用
• 連絡先の同期(オプション)
スイス所在のサーバー
サーバーはすべてスイスにあり、ソフトウェアは自社で開発しています。
完全な匿名性
Threemaのユーザーは、本人確認用にランダムなThreema IDを受け取ります。Threemaの使用に電話番号やメールアドレスは必要ありません。この独自の機能により、Threemaを完全に匿名で利用することができます。個人情報を提供したり、アカウントを開設したりする必要はありません。
オープンソースと監査
Threemaアプリのソースコードは、誰でも閲覧できるように公開されています。さらに、定評のある専門家に依頼し、Threemaのコードの体系的なセキュリティ監査を定期的に実施しています。
広告なし、トラッカーなし
Threemaは、広告による資金調達は行っておらず、ユーザーデータも収集していません。
サポート/コンタクト
ご質問や問題点についてはFAQをご覧ください:https://threema.ch/en/faq
Show More
最新バージョン 5.9.2 の更新情報
Last updated on 2024年04月24日
旧バージョン
• Improved the setup process to speed up the establishment of new Perfect Forward Secrecy sessions when restoring a data backup
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
Threema 5.9.1
• Updated WebRTC to M123
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
Threema 5.9.1
• Updated WebRTC to M123
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
Show More
Version History
5.9.2
2024年04月24日
• Improved the setup process to speed up the establishment of new Perfect Forward Secrecy sessions when restoring a data backup
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
Threema 5.9.1
• Updated WebRTC to M123
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
Threema 5.9.1
• Updated WebRTC to M123
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.9.1
2024年04月02日
• Updated WebRTC to M123
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Fixed a bug when displaying a shared contact on iOS 17
• Updated translations in various languages
Threema 5.9
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.9
2024年03月25日
• New: Global chat search that includes media captions
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Improvements in relation to Perfect Forward Secrecy
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Fixed a bug that could cause the location selection to be removed in some cases before sending
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.8.2
2024年03月04日
Threema 5.8.2
• Improvements in relation to polls
Threema 5.8.1
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.8
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Improvements in relation to polls
Threema 5.8.1
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.8
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.8.1
2024年02月26日
Threema 5.8.1
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.8
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.8
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.8
2024年02月19日
Threema 5.8
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Improvements in relation to polls
• Fixed a bug in relation to notifications
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.7.3
2024年01月31日
Threema 5.7.3
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.7.2
• Fixed different bugs that could cause the app to become unresponsive
• Various other minor improvements
Threema 5.7.1
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
• Various minor improvements
Threema 5.7.2
• Fixed different bugs that could cause the app to become unresponsive
• Various other minor improvements
Threema 5.7.1
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
5.7.2
2024年01月10日
Threema 5.7.2
• Fixed different bugs that could cause the app to become unresponsive
• Various other minor improvements
Threema 5.7.1
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
• Fixed different bugs that could cause the app to become unresponsive
• Various other minor improvements
Threema 5.7.1
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
5.7.1
2023年12月18日
Threema 5.7.1
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
• Improvements and various bug fixes
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
5.7
2023年12月12日
Threema 5.7
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
• New: option for periodic deletion of old messages after a specified amount of time (Settings > Storage Management > Manage All Chats > Automatic Deletion)
• New: overhauled “Profile” tab
• Improved performance for voice messages
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Improvements in relation to Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Various bug fixes in relation to accessibility
• Fixed a bug in relation to media downloads
• Various other improvements
5.6.2
2023年11月13日
Threema 5.6.2
• Improved performance when writing/inserting long messages
• Improved performance when sending messages
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6.1
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Improved performance when writing/inserting long messages
• Improved performance when sending messages
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6.1
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.6.1
2023年10月23日
Threema 5.6.1
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• Improvements in relation to group calls
• Various other improvements
Threema 5.6
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.6
2023年10月16日
Threema 5.6
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
• New: Group calls (Tap on the phone icon in a group chat to start a call)
• Fixed a bug concerning Threema Safe
• Various bug fixes concerning Threema 2.0 for desktop
• Miscellaneous other bug fixes and performance improvements
5.5.4
2023年09月21日
Threema 5.5.4
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.3
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
Threema 5.5.2
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.3
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
Threema 5.5.2
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.5.3
2023年09月20日
Threema 5.5.3
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
Threema 5.5.2
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• The iOS app can now be used with the beta version of Threema 2.0 for desktop (“Settings > Desktop/Web > Linked Device (Beta)”)
Threema 5.5.2
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.5.2
2023年09月13日
Threema 5.5.2
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.5.1
2023年09月11日
Threema 5.5.1
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Fixed a bug in relation to private chats
• Improved performance
Threema 5.5
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.5
2023年09月04日
• File names are now displayed in the media overview
• Improved performance
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Fixed a bug that caused media messages not to be downloaded correctly
• Fixed a bug that caused contacts to be skipped during synchronization
• Fixed a bug that caused names of locations not to be displayed correctly
• Fixed several UI bugs
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Improved performance
• Fixed a bug that caused wallpapers not to be displayed correctly
• Fixed a bug that caused media messages not to be downloaded correctly
• Fixed a bug that caused contacts to be skipped during synchronization
• Fixed a bug that caused names of locations not to be displayed correctly
• Fixed several UI bugs
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.4.1
2023年08月14日
Threema 5.4.1
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.4
• Perfect Forward Secrecy is now enabled by default
• When being mentioned, your nickname is now displayed instead of “@me”
• Fixed a bug that prevented the relative date from getting updated after midnight while in a chat
• Fixed a bug that could result in new messages not being displayed in the chat overview
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.4
• Perfect Forward Secrecy is now enabled by default
• When being mentioned, your nickname is now displayed instead of “@me”
• Fixed a bug that prevented the relative date from getting updated after midnight while in a chat
• Fixed a bug that could result in new messages not being displayed in the chat overview
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.4
2023年08月02日
• Perfect Forward Secrecy is now enabled by default
• When being mentioned, your nickname is now displayed instead of “@me”
• Fixed a bug that prevented the relative date from getting updated after midnight while in a chat
• Fixed a bug that could result in new messages not being displayed in the chat overview
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• When being mentioned, your nickname is now displayed instead of “@me”
• Fixed a bug that prevented the relative date from getting updated after midnight while in a chat
• Fixed a bug that could result in new messages not being displayed in the chat overview
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.3.1
2023年07月10日
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.3
2023年06月26日
• After changing biometric data in iOS, password confirmation in Threema is required
• Improved stability when starting a Threema call
• Fixed a bug that occurred when displaying a text preview in the Share Extension
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Improved stability when starting a Threema call
• Fixed a bug that occurred when displaying a text preview in the Share Extension
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.2.1
2023年06月12日
Threema 5.2.1
• Various minor bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.2
• Wallpapers can now be set on a per-chat basis
• Media can now be downloaded directly in the media overview
• Text formatting is also displayed in the chat overview and in quoted messages
• Fixed various bugs in the chat interface
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Various minor bug fixes and other improvements
Threema 5.2
• Wallpapers can now be set on a per-chat basis
• Media can now be downloaded directly in the media overview
• Text formatting is also displayed in the chat overview and in quoted messages
• Fixed various bugs in the chat interface
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.2
2023年06月01日
• Wallpapers can now be set on a per-chat basis
• Media can now be downloaded directly in the media overview
• Text formatting is also displayed in the chat overview and in quoted messages
• Fixed various bugs in the chat interface
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
• Media can now be downloaded directly in the media overview
• Text formatting is also displayed in the chat overview and in quoted messages
• Fixed various bugs in the chat interface
• Various bug fixes and other improvements
5.1.1
2023年05月15日
• Fixed a bug in relation to accessibility in the new chat interface
• Miscellaneous minor bug fixes
• Miscellaneous minor bug fixes
Threema。安全なメッセンジャー 価格
今日:
¥900
最低価格:
¥700
最高価格:
¥900
Threema。安全なメッセンジャー FAQ
ここをクリック!地理的に制限されているアプリのダウンロード方法をご参考ください。
次のリストをチェックして、Threema。安全なメッセンジャーの最低システム要件をご確認ください。
iPhone
iOS 15.0以降が必要です。
iPad
iPadOS 15.0以降が必要です。
iPod touch
iOS 15.0以降が必要です。
Threema。安全なメッセンジャーは次の言語がサポートされています。 日本語, イタリア語, ウクライナ語, オランダ語, スペイン語, スロバキア語, チェコ語, トルコ語, ドイツ語, フランス語, ポルトガル語, ポーランド語, レトロマン語, ロシア語, 簡体字中国語, 繁体字中国語, 英語